https://tech.solin.eu/ 2026-04-15T22:54:03+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/ https://tech.solin.eu/lib/tpl/monobook/images/favicon.ico text/html 2007-12-23T22:48:19+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:apache_install&rev=1198450099&do=diff Screendump from terminal session for the Apache 2.2 installation on Debian Sarge, using dotdeb: myhost:/etc/apache2/mods-available# apt-get install apache2 Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: apache2-mpm-worker apache2.2-common libapr1 libaprutil1 libpq4 libsqlite3-0 The following packages will be REMOVED: apache2-common apache2-mpm-prefork libapache2-mod-php4 php4 The following NEW packages will be installed: apa… text/html 2016-01-05T12:21:58+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:apache_webserver&rev=1451996518&do=diff Apache - Part 1 Installing the Apache webserver is pretty straightforward. Do not use Apache 2.x, but instead rely on Apache 1.3.x. See the php.org website why. (The Apache 2 architecture is just not safe enough for php in production environments). text/html 2008-04-02T07:33:48+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:backups&rev=1207121628&do=diff Backups, or backing up the server There are quite a lot of ready-made solutions to make backups. However, they are all elaborate, too complex, or too cumbersom to install. After some browsing around for linux backup solutions, I found the following useful websites: text/html 2006-10-23T07:24:03+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:bind&rev=1161588243&do=diff Bind Changes or new virtual hosts made in Virtualmin did not seem to affect the Bind module, so I have taken the Bind 9.2 version (through rpm), and I have reinstalled Bind through Webmin (now version 8 instead of 9). The situation was: * Bind 9 was installed; * Webmin created an interface for Bind 8 by default text/html 2009-11-04T22:03:37+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:collectd&rev=1257372217&do=diff Collectd collects data from your system (CPU, load, etc) and the software it's running (e.g. Apache, MySQL). Installation Just follow the instructions on the collectd wiki. The wiki assumes you're using a Debian-based system, but they're advising you to compile from source code anyway. I got collectd to work on my Debian-based systems by simply using apt-get: text/html 2020-08-12T19:37:08+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:control_panels&rev=1597261028&do=diff Control Panels I have tried to install SysCP, but I had to give up because SysCP requires the use of crond, a daemon which I know nothing about. Also, SysCP is well documented for use on the Debian distribution, but very poorly documented for all other Linux distributions (such as the one I am using, Fedora 2). text/html 2015-09-03T11:22:29+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:desktop&rev=1441279349&do=diff Dual Monitors Ubunty 12.04 supports dual monitors. Go to “System Settings > Displays” and turn off “mirror displays”. On my Acer laptop, the laptop's screen was the main display, but I was sitting directly in front of my superior HP screen. So naturally I wanted the HP to be the main screen. There's no option in the gui Displays app for that. But this blog post describes what you need to do. text/html 2011-09-20T16:19:39+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:desktop_use&rev=1316535579&do=diff Keyboard Shortcuts * show desktop: ctrl - alt - d X Server Restart the X Server: sudo restart gdm text/html 2009-11-03T21:54:44+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:drraw&rev=1257285284&do=diff Get the perl scripts here. And here's an installation / configuration guide. Please note that the datadirs mentioned in the guide refer to rrd files. Example: %datadirs = ( '/opt/collectd/var/lib/collectd/rrd/localhost/apache' => '[Apache]', ); text/html 2016-04-14T19:19:11+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:file_management&rev=1460661551&do=diff File management Using the find command find . -name '*httpd*' Searches in current directory (.) and deeper for file or directory with httpd in name. find /www -ctime -1 Searches directory www for files whose status was changed less than 24 hours ago. text/html 2015-02-12T09:56:11+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:git&rev=1423734971&do=diff Git is a version control system (like SVN and CSV). Among Git's many powerful features, these were most attractive to me: * Git makes it easy to create branches. The idea is that you have a master branch that's always in a “releasable” state, while you add new features on a separate branch. Once your new feature is finished, you merge the “new feature branch” into the master branch. * It's very easy to specify which files and directories git should ignore. * Git has a “bisect” feature whi… text/html 2014-09-25T15:58:56+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:host_and_website_monitoring&rev=1411660736&do=diff Requirements The following were my requirements when I was looking for host and website monitoring solutions. * Monitoring individual websites * Observing a host system (i.e. web server) * Warning by email * Nice to have: sms alerts (or a bridge to an sms-gateway) text/html 2007-11-19T13:27:58+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:imp_and_the_horde&rev=1195478878&do=diff IMP Webmail IMP allows webusers to check their pop3/imap mailboxes through a web interface. IMP requires a few PHP libraries which I had not yet installed: imap gettext libmcrypt Equally important to know: IMP is a Horde application. The Horde application framework will be discussed separately, below. text/html 2014-11-18T11:19:15+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:linux&rev=1416309555&do=diff * file_management * desktop_use * users_and_groups * system_administration * apache_webserver * php * mysql * control_panels * DNS Server bind * mail_services through Postfix, Dovecot, SpamAssassin * proftp * imp_and_the_horde * web_statistics through AWStats and Webalizer * backups Or Backing Up the Server through a bash shell script and various cli utilities * subversion (SVN) * git (version control system) * scripts shell scripts (e.g. for automating sysop ta… text/html 2014-10-17T15:57:24+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:mail_services&rev=1413561444&do=diff Postfix Preamble You probably don't Postfix. If you're not planning on hosting your own SMTP server (e.g. you use Google's servers), then you definitely don't need it. To send out emails with your php scripts, sendmail (installed by default) will suffice. text/html 2014-11-18T11:26:01+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:multimedia&rev=1416309961&do=diff ffmpeg under Debian Squeeze Add this line to /etc/apt/sources.list # Debian Multimedia Repository deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org squeeze main non-free Then: apt-get update apt-get install deb-multimedia-keyring And finally: apt-get install mplayer mencoder ffmpeg flvtool2 text/html 2014-09-19T13:54:24+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:munin&rev=1411134864&do=diff munin: is a graphing tool that uses rrdtool. It has a lot of Apache plugins (including two for Passenger!). See list. Here's a guide on how to install and configure plugins. Restart your node after you've installed or configured a plugin: /etc/init.d/munin-node restart text/html 2016-02-19T18:04:11+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:mysql&rev=1455905051&do=diff MySQL [root@1038 bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql Installing all prepared tables 041122 20:51:29 /usr/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown Complete To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! This is done with: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h 1038.flexservers.com password 'new-password' See the manual for more instructions… text/html 2011-10-02T10:50:52+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:php&rev=1317552652&do=diff PHP The advice is to just use whatever your server comes preinstalled with. Of course, in real life things are never that simple. Backports If you're stuck on old version of Ubuntu (e.g. hosted webserver), you can try backports to upgrade your php version. Here's a backport of php 5.3.2 (required for Moodle 2.1) I found for Ubuntu Hardy (8.04): text/html 2011-08-24T13:35:33+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:php4_install&rev=1314192933&do=diff Screendump from terminal session for the installation of PHP 4 on Debian Sarge, using dotdeb: myhost:/etc/apache2/mods-available# apt-get install php4 Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: apache2-mpm-prefork libapache2-mod-php4 Suggested packages: php-pear The following packages will be REMOVED: apache2-mpm-worker The following NEW packages will be installed: apache2-mpm-prefork libapache2-mod-php4 php4 0 upgrade… text/html 2008-03-26T14:14:06+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:proftp&rev=1206540846&do=diff ProFTP ProFTP is an FTP server. ProFTP had already been installed on my system (as a part of Plesk), and it turned out to be easily configurable. Installing ProFTP On another system, I had to install ProFTP myself. Using apt-get (on Debian, or any Debian derived Linux distribution), it's very easy: text/html 2012-04-16T20:50:37+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:scripts&rev=1334609437&do=diff Shell scripts can be used to paste together your own backup solutions or automated user management tasks. WARNING: if you copy any scripts from a Windows / DOS environment, please be sure to change the encoding from dos/windows (\r\n) to unix (\n). Otherwise the “newline” token will ruin the execution of your scripts. text/html 2008-08-28T19:29:51+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:subversion&rev=1219951791&do=diff Subversion Through the use YUM, I have installed subversion: Name : subversion Arch : i386 Version: 1.2.1 Release: 0.1.1.fc2.rf Size : 7.82 MB Group : Development/Tools Repo : Locally Installed Summary: A Concurrent Versioning system similar to, but better than, CVS. Description: Subversion is a concurrent version control system which enables one or more users to collaborate in developing and maintaining a hierarchy of files and directories while keeping a history of all changes. S… text/html 2016-03-11T09:59:50+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:system_administration&rev=1457690390&do=diff Processes How do you know when a daemon is really running? Do ps: [root@1038 /]# ps -ef e: select all processes f: display in a certain mode Or better yet: display only the lines where the daemon appears: [root@1038 /]# ps -ef |grep mysqld root 1406 1 0 14:05 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/safe_mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf mysql 1429 1406 0 14:05 ? 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mys… text/html 2007-08-22T08:46:57+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:users_and_groups&rev=1187772417&do=diff User management Examples: useradd onno adds new user onno Note: useradd on my system does not allow you to create usernames with special characters. A simple ”.” is excluded as well: [root@1038 scripts]# useradd hi_v2.0 useradd: invalid user name 'hi_v2.0' text/html 2015-03-27T13:47:29+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:vim&rev=1427464049&do=diff Installing Vim Vim is usually pre-installed on most machines (I'm talking about real machines, not Windows computers). But you can also either install vim through a package manager, or from source. For the configure options, I chose --enable-gui=gnome (instead of gtk2). text/html 2013-01-31T12:12:54+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:virtualization&rev=1359634374&do=diff Source: virtualbox wiki First of all, forget about the standard Ubuntu virtualbox distribution. It didn't work for me. Instead, use the virtualbox.org repository. Add the following line to your /etc/apt/sources.list (directly, or through the Synaptic Package Manager): text/html 2006-10-23T07:25:25+00:00 https://tech.solin.eu/doku.php?id=linux:web_statistics&rev=1161588325&do=diff Webalizer 20051102 Installing Webalizer is not very difficult - I think, because I haven't really documented it when I did install it. Anyway, there was an issue with Webalizer not showing the countries and urls for the visitor statistics. This can simply be remedied by... going to the Apache httpd.conf file and turning HostnameLookups 'on':